This book mainly aims to provide an overview of the representatives of Humanism in Western culture.According to the definition in Encarta Dictionary, the meaning of"Humanism" falls into three categories: 1.Belief in a human-based morality: a system of thought that is based on the values, characteristics, and behavior that are believed to be best in human beings, rather than on any supernatural authority;2.Concem for people: a concem with the needs, well-being, and interests of people;3.or Hu.man.ism Renaissance cultural movement: the secular cultural and intellectual movement of the Renaissance that spread throughout Europe as a result of the rediscovery of the arts and philosophy of the ancient Greeks and Romans.

Preface

Introduction

Part Ⅰ Ancient Greek and Roman Period

1.Plato / From Republic

2.Herodotus / From The History of Herodotus

3.Aristotle / From Poetics

4.Epicurus / From Letter to Menoeceus

5.Plotinus / From On the Intellectual Beauty

6.Dionysius Longinus / From On the sublime

7.Quintus Hoaratius Flaccus / From Art of Poetry

8.Saint Augustine/ From The City of God

Part Ⅱ Renaissance Period

9.Petrarch / From To Marcus Tullius Cicero

10.Leonardo Bruni / From Panegyric to the City of Florence

11.Giovanni Pico della Mirandola / From Oration on the Dignity of Man

12.Desiderius Erasmus Roterodamus / From The Praise of Folly

13.Niccol6 Machiavelli / From The Prince

14.Sir Philip Sidney / From The Poet: Compared and Contrasted

With Historian and Philosopher

15.Rene Descartes / From Principia Philosophiae

16.Frances Bacon / From Novum Organum

17.Thomas Hobbes / From Leviathan

Part Ⅲ Modem Period

18.John Locke / From An Essay Concerning Human Understanding

19.Baruch Spinoza / From Ethics

20.Gottfried Leibniz / From A Philosopher's Creed

21.Giambattista Vico / From The New Science

22.George Berkeley / From Principals of Human Knowledge

23.Baron de Montesquieu / From The Spirit of Law

24.David Hume / FromA Treatise of Human Nature

25.Jean Jacques Rousseau / From The Social Contract (Book 1)

26.Adam Smith / From An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations (Book1)

27.Immanuel Kant / From Critique of Pure Reason

28.Edmund Burke / From A Philosophical Enquiry into the Origin of Our Ideas of the Sublime and the Beautiful

29.Thomas Paine / From The Rights of Man

30.Thomas Jefferson / From Declaration oflndependence

31.Johann Wolfgang von Goethe / From The Sorrows of Young Werther

32.Friedrich Schiller / From On the Aesthetic Education of Man: In a Series of Letters

33.Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel / From The Science of Logic

34.Ralph Waldo Emerson / From History

35.John Stuart Mill / From On Liberty

36.Lewis Henry Morgan / From Ancient Society

37.Karl Heinrich Marx / From Capital

38.Herbert Spencer / From The Principles of Sociology1

39.Matthew Arnold / From The Function of Criticism at the Present Time

40.Leo Tolstoy / From WhatlsArt?

41.William James / From Pragmatism

42.Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche / From Thus Spake Zarathustra

43.John Bates Clark / From The Distribution of Wealth

44.Sir James George Frazer / From The Golden Bough

45.Sigrnund Freud / From Civilization and its Discontents

46.Ferdinand de Saussure / From Writings in General Linguistics

47.Franz Boas / From The Mind of Primitive Man

48.Edmund Gustav Albrecht Husserl / From Ideas: General Introduction to Pure Phenomenology

Part Ⅳ Contemporary Period

49.John Dewey / From On Democracy

50.George Santayana / From The Sense of Beauty: Being an Outline of Aesthetic Theory

51.Hermann Ebbinghaus / From Memory: A Contribution to Experimental Psychology

52.Bertrand Russell / FromA Free Man's Worship

53.Albert Einstein / From Why Socialism?

54.Elton Mayo / From The Human Problems of an Industrial Civilization

55.John Maynard Keynes / From The Economic Consequences of the Peace

56.Bronistaw Kasper Malinowski / From Magic, Science, and Religion

57.Georg Lukacs / From History and Class Consciousness

58.Martin Heidegger / From Being and Time

59.LudwigJosefJohannWittgenstein/FromTractatus Logico-Philosophicus

60.Robin George Collingwood / From The Idea of History

61.Hans-George Gadamer / From Truth and Method

62.Jean-Paul Charles Aymard Sartre / From Being and Nothingness

63.Claude Levi-Strauss / From The Savage Mind

64.JohnRawls/FromA Theory of Justice

65.Abraham Harold Maslow / FromA Theory of Human Motivation

66.Michel Foucault / FromArchaeology of Knowledge

67.Jean Piaget / From The Child's Conception of the World

68.AvramNoamChomsky/FromLanguageandMind

69.George P.Lakoff & Mark L.Johnson / From Philosophy in the Flesh

Part Ⅴ Ancient Chinese Period

70.Confucius / From The Analects

71.Laozi / From Dao De Jing

72.Mozi / From Mozi

73.Mencius / From Mencius