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书名 分析(第3卷)
分类 科学技术-自然科学-数学
作者 (德)阿莫恩
出版社 世界图书出版公司
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阿莫恩编著的《分析》内容介绍:This third volume concludes our introduction to analysis, where in we finish laying the groundwork needed for further study of the subject.

As with the first two, this volume contains more material than can treated in a single course. It is therefore important in preparing lectures to choose a suitable subset of its content; the remainder can be treated in seminars or left to independent study. For a quick overview of this content, consult the table of contents and the chapter introductions.

目录

Foreword

Chapter Ⅸ Elements of measure theory

 1  Measurable spaces

 σ-algebras

 The Borel σ-algebra

 The second countability axiom

 Generating the Borel a-algebra with intervals

 Bases of topological spaces

 The product topology

 Product Borel a-algebras

 Measurability of sections

 2  Measures

 Set functions

 Measure spaces

 Properties of measures

 Null sets

 Outer measures

 The construction of outer measures

 The Lebesgue outer measure

 The Lebesgue-Stieltjes outer measure

 Hausdorff outer measures

 4  Measurable sets

 Motivation

 The a-algebra of/μ*-measurable sets

 Lebesgue measure and Hausdorff measure

 Metric measures

 5  The Lebasgue measure

 The Lebesgue measure space

 The Lebesgue measure is regular

 A characterization of Lebesgue measurability

 Images of Lebesgue measurable sets

 The Lebesgue measure is translation invariant

 A characterization of Lebesgue measure

 The Lebesgue measure is invariant under rigid motions

 The substitution rule for linear maps

 Sets without Lebesgue measure

Chapter Ⅹ Integration theory

 1  Measurable functions

 Simple functions and measurable functions

 A measurability criterion

 Measurable R-valued functions

 The lattice of measurable T-valued functions

 Pointwise limits of mensurable functions

 Radon measures

 2  Integrable fuuctions

 The integral of a simple function

 The L1-seminorm

 The Bochner-Lebesgue integral

 The completeness of L1

 Elementary properties of integrals

 Convergence in L1

 3  Convergence theorems

 Integration of nonnegative T-valued functions

 The monotone convergence theorem

 Fatou's lemma

 Integration of R-valued functions

 Lebesgue's dominated convergence theorem

 Parametrized integrals

 4  Lebesgue spaces

 Essentially bounded functions

 The Holder and Minkowski inequalities

 Lebesgue spaces are complete

 Lp-spaces

 Continuous functions with compact support

 Embeddings

 Continuous linear functionals on Lp

 5  The n-dimensional Bochner-Lebesgue integral

 Lebesgue measure spaces

 The Lebesgue integral of absolutely integrable functions

 A characterization of Riemann integrable functions

 6  Fubiul's theorem

 Maps defined almost everywhere

 Cavalieri's principle

 Applications of Cavalieri's principle

 Tonelli's theorem

 Fubini's theorem for scalar functions

 Fubini's theorem for vector-vained functions

 Minkowski's inequality for integrals

 A characterization of Lp (Rm+n, E)

 A trace theorem

 7  The convolution

 Defining the convolution

 The translation group

 Elementary properties of the convolution

 Approximations to the identity

 Test functions

 Smooth partitions of unity

 Convolutions of E-valued functions

 Distributions

 Linear differential operators

 Weak derivatives

 8  The substitution rule

 Pulling back the Lebesgue measure

 The substitution rule: general case

 Plane polar coordinates

 Polar coordinates in higher dimensions

 Integration of rotationally symmetric functions

 The substitution rule for vector-valued functions

 9  The Fourier transform

 Definition and elementary properties

 The space of rapidly decreasing functions

 The convolution algebra S

 Calculations with the Fourier transform

 The Fourier integral theorem

 Convolutions and the Fourier transform

 Fourier multiplication operators

 Plancherel's theorem

 Symmetric operators

 The Heisenberg uncertainty relation

Chapter Ⅺ Manifolds and differential forms

 1  Submanifolds

 Definitions and elementary properties

 Submersions

 Submanifo]ds with boundary

 Local charts

 Tangents and normals

 The regular value theorem

 One-dimensional manifolds

 Partitions of unity

 2  MultUinear algebra

 Exterior products

 Pull backs

 The volume element

 The Riesz isomorphism

 The Hodge star operator

 Indefinite inner products

 Tensors

 3  The local theory of differential forms

 Definitions and basis representations

 Pull backs

 The exterior derivative

 The Poincare lemma

 Tensors

 4  Vector fields and differential forms

 Vector fields

 Local basis representation

 Differential forms

 Local representations

 Coordinate transformations

 The exterior derivative

 Closed and exact forms

 Contractions

 Orientability

 Tensor fields

 5  Riemannian metrics

 The volume element

 Riemannian manifolds

 The Hodge star

 The codifferential

 6  Vector analysis

 The Riesz isomorphism

 The gradient

 The divergence

 The Laplace-Beltrami operator

 The curl

 The Lie derivative

 The Hodge-Laplace operator

 The vector product and the curl

Chapter Ⅻ Integration on manifolds

 1  Volume measure

 The Lebesgue a-algebra of M

 The defiaition of the volume measure

 Properties

 Integrability

 Calculation of several volumes

 2  Integration of differential forms

 Integrals of m-forms

 Restrictions to submanifolds

 The transformation theorem

 Fubini's theorem

 Calculations of several integrals

 Flows of vector fields

 The transport theorem

 3  Stokes's theorem

 Stokes's theorem for smooth manifolds

 Manifolds with singularities

 Stokes's theorem with singularities

 Planar domains

 Higher-dimensional problems

 Homotopy invariance and applications

 Gauss's law

 Green's formula

 The classical Stokes's theorem

 The star operator and the coderivative

References

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